Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework::$old_opt_name is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/framework.php on line 236

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_extension_vendor_support::$extension_dir is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/extensions/vendor_support/extension_vendor_support.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_extension_vendor_support::$extension_url is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/extensions/vendor_support/extension_vendor_support.php on line 55

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_extension_ad_remove::$field_name is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/extensions/ad_remove/extension_ad_remove.php on line 88

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_Extension_options_object::$field_name is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/extensions/options_object/extension_options_object.php on line 62

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_extension_import_export::$field_name is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/extensions/import_export/extension_import_export.php on line 62

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_extension_customizer::$upload_dir is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/extensions/customizer/extension_customizer.php on line 62

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework::$transients is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/framework.php on line 2541

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework::$transients_check is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/framework.php on line 2542

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework::$apiHasRun is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/class.redux_api.php on line 118

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Vc_Automap_Model::$category is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/plugins/js_composer_salient/include/classes/settings/automapper/class-vc-automap-model.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Vc_Automap_Model::$description is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/plugins/js_composer_salient/include/classes/settings/automapper/class-vc-automap-model.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Vc_Automap_Model::$params is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/plugins/js_composer_salient/include/classes/settings/automapper/class-vc-automap-model.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Vc_Automap_Model::$category is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/plugins/js_composer_salient/include/classes/settings/automapper/class-vc-automap-model.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Vc_Automap_Model::$description is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/plugins/js_composer_salient/include/classes/settings/automapper/class-vc-automap-model.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property Vc_Automap_Model::$params is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/plugins/js_composer_salient/include/classes/settings/automapper/class-vc-automap-model.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework::$googleArray is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 1096

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$value is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 53

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$parent is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 51

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ReduxFramework_typography::$field is deprecated in /home/efal/domains/effectivealtruism.mpbr.dev/public_html/wp-content/themes/salient/nectar/redux-framework/ReduxCore/inc/fields/typography/field_typography.php on line 52

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Letter in the NRC

By October 19, 2022October 20th, 2022No Comments

19 October 2022James

Letter in the NRC

Effectief altruïsten richten zich juíst op systeemverandering

Verkorte versie in NRC here.

Sjir Hoeijmakers and Jan-Willem van Putten

In haar artikel schrijft Josette Daemen dat de zogenoemde ‘effectief altruïsten’ zich afkeren van de democratie. Ze zouden zich te veel richten op het individu in plaats van systeemverandering. Jan-Willem van Putten en Sjir Hoeijmakers betogen dat dit verwijt is gebaseerd op een verkeerd beeld van wat effectief altruïsten in de praktijk doen.

Effectief altruïsme (EA) is een snel groeiende beweging van ambitieuze en idealistische mensen die zich afvragen hoe ze samen het meeste goed kunnen doen. Op dit moment werken ze al aan wereldproblemen zo divers als extreme armoede, klimaatverandering, het leed van de dieren in de bio-industrie, het gevaar van nieuwe technologieën en het risico van een nieuwe pandemie.

Effectief altruïsten zijn steeds op zoek naar de effectiefste manieren om de grootste uitdagingen van onze tijd aan te gaan. Josette Daemen stelt dat ze zich daarbij alleen richten op de vraag wat je als individu kunt doen, maar dat is een belangrijke misvatting

Zeker, het klopt dat je als inwoner van een rijk land een groot verschil kunt maken door te doneren aan effectieve goede doelen, en ja, daarom geven veel effectief altruïsten ten minste 10 procent van hun inkomen via bijvoorbeeld Giving What We Can. Maar je hoeft niet ver te zoeken om te zien dat veel mensen en organisaties binnen de beweging zich juíst richten op structurele verandering, waaronder veel van deze effectieve goede doelen zelf.

Kijk bijvoorbeeld naar werk van het Centre for Election Science om de democratie in de Verenigde Staten te verbeteren of zie het werk van de Clean Air Task Force om met activisme en slim beleidsadvies klimaatverandering aan te pakken. Denk aan de steun voor organisaties die proberen conflicten tussen grootmachten te voorkomen of om met grote campagnes multinationals te dwingen om beter om te gaan met dieren. Ook werken bij de overheid staat tussen de meest aanbevolen carrières van de EA carrière-advies organisatie 80.000 Hours, want juist als ambtenaar ben je vaak in een positie om de belangrijkste en meest verwaarloosde problemen aan te pakken. Niet toevallig zien we dat beleidsmakers in steeds meer landen zich laten inspireren door het effectief altruïsme. 

Ook de notie dat de beweging vooral een excuus voor miljardairs zou zijn om “naar eigen smaak” de wereld te verbeteren, in plaats van gewoon hun belasting te betalen, is een misvatting. De paar miljardairs die zich laten inspireren door het EA-gedachtegoed pleiten juist voor hogere belastingen op de rijken en een sterkere overheid. Je kunt prima, zoals Rutger Bregman, pleiten voor meer morele ambitie, én voor meer “taxes taxes taxes”.

Daemen stelt, tot slot, dat collectieve besluitvorming en de rechten van het individu niet zouden samengaan met de idealen van het effectief altruïsme, omdat “het doel al vaststaat”. en de “perfect gestroomlijnde utopie” al is bepaald. Niets is minder waar: openheid, samenwerking en integriteit zijn juist kernwaarden van de beweging. Er is enorm veel discussie en verschil van mening over welke doelen nastrevenswaardig zijn, bijvoorbeeld op het openbare EA forum. Bovendien wordt het beschermen van de liberale democratie door veel effectieve altruïsten gezien als één van de beste manieren om de wereld te verbeteren. EA is dan ook geen antwoord, maar een vraag. Het is de voortdurende zoektocht naar de beste manier om het verschil te maken, en de poging om daar samen verder in te komen.  

Terug naar de kern: het aanpakken van de meest prangende en complexe uitdagingen van deze tijd vereist, naast een brede coalitie van supporters en donateurs, ook de directe inzet van mensen met specifieke talenten. Denk aan de slimme techneut die niet in dienst treedt bij Facebook of Uber, maar ervoor kiest om aan betere regulering van technologie te werken. Denk aan de consultant die McKinsey verlaat om vervolgens in Brussel de slimste strategie te bedenken om de Green New Deal te verwezenlijken, of denk aan de tabakslobbyist die zijn of haar talenten niet meer wil verspillen aan het ziek maken van de samenleving, maar zich in plaats daarvan inzet voor het publieke goed. 

Wie zich voelt aangesproken door Bregmans oproep tot meer morele ambitie, kan veel inspiratie vinden in de beweging van het effectief altruïsme, die ook in Nederland snel groeit. Informeer je over werk dat veel impact maakt, geef aan de meest effectieve goede doelen en leer (en bekritiseer) samen met anderen hoe we het nog veel beter kunnen doen. De grote problemen van deze tijd lossen zichzelf niet op, maar we weten dat vooruitgang mogelijk is. Laten we daar, zoveel als we kunnen, allemaal onze bijdrage aan leveren.

Jan-Willem van Putten is mede-oprichter van Training For Good; Sjir Hoeijmakers is directeur onderzoek bij Giving What We Can. Beiden zijn bestuurslid bij Stichting Effectief Altruïsme Nederland.

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